Stud-and-socket fastener.



einen s. nenn, or nnooirmivn,

fro cenit Festiviteiten intestin-sooner Zen of the United Ststesy residing et line, in tlie county of ori'olk and State o lvlassecliiisettsj neve invented new and Inh closing e' jevv-geceiving space and having lopenings'fori the entrance of tne stud meinber into seid space, vend resilient geivs con' fined .in seid space and formed to engage n A .a L seid annular slioiilder and cooperate there1 `ivitli -in resisting separation of trie members by a, direct 'outward pull on the socket member.

. A fastener oitlieztype toyvhicli my inven-v tion relates is disclosed by ;ietters'letent of the United States, -lwiiinbers 1,0%238 and 1184 319 escli of seid patented fasteners i 7 4 i i v having J-:ivvs iirrfied to engage the enniilar stud shoulder in siicli -manner tust seperation of the members by e direct outward pull on the* socket member is prevented. or strongly' resisted, -and is freely permitted vby a tipping,- movement of the socket memn ber in one direction only, 'the slioulder Jaws resisting tipping movements oi tlie socket member in otlier directions The fastener disclosed byatent LlS-"ls is provided with limiting mea casing adapted to coperate with die innei portion of tlie'stiid member in opposing free tipping movements ofthe socket mem- 'ber' in certain directions, seid limiting `means being auxiliary -to the limiting,`

means provided oy tlie shoulder and g'afvs and adapted to relieve the jews of e part of the duty heretofore imposed on them in opposing seid tipping movements.

n each of said patented fasteners the socket member comprises e. casing composed4 of ein outer plate, sn intermediate plate adapted to bear on one side d flexible can rying part, which is c" and a back plate adapted to beer on t'ne opposite side of seid carrying part, said plstes Specification of Letters Patent,

ns on tlie seid i oi textile fabric- J J A menten 2i? sijn being connected to conine the carrying per between the intermediate sind beck plates end provided with openings 'through ivliich .tbe stud passesa tlie resilient jews being coni'ined between the front and intermediate c, `si the stiid-A and beck pistes is iisb'e to :tray so norji c vf tl a a 3 'n t .L .s :ll-Q sions cA nc i er? pio-jee into one stiro icceivinp space end interfere ivit'n the inser tit? l eceivings aperture formed in.' tbe J portion' connned netnfeen the intermediate tionr or the stud member. The contined por@v tion of the .fabric islieid at e number of seperated points by Aprongs on 'die front pleite passing through seid portion and;

tliioiigli the intermediate sind beck piet-es ann clenched on the baci; piste. l:

found that the sii-id conned` portion is liiible to be stretclied'and pulled outwardly .points between, said prongs, the's'tiidreceiving aperture formed in seid portion being sometimes enlarged until a part of itsedge pi'otriides :it the margin ot the `socket meniber. The' cli'iet objects of the present iiiven.

tion ire to prevent these' diculties by providing ineens for excluding the materiel of tire .carrying part Jtroni the stud-receiving space, and by providing clamping ineens points between seid ronge.

Another object iso combine iii one, device tbe limiting means of Patent Llfrl, and the said ineterisleiiclnding ineens.

The invention.' is embodied in the im.-

provemcnts hereinafter described claimed. l @it tlie accompanying drawings orming s part or this speciiicstion* Figure represents rear view/'of the socket membery ci' s. stud and vSnicket,fastener embodying my invention.vv

Fig 2 represents al section on the line 2-2 of Fig, l, and a side view oie portion of the stud member.

Fig, 3 'represents s perspective vieiv of tlie intermediateUplete.

Fie'. 3 represents e section on the iin'e' LiL-Q; o'flis.

vig l rpresents s side view of ,the beck4 5 represents s section on the line 5-5 @if Fig el. Y

Fig, 6 represents e view similar toibg. 9

lil@

the line 8-8 of Fig. 1.

termined tipping movement'of the socket member.

l Fig. 7 represents an enlargement of a portion of Fig. 2.

Fig. 8 represents yan enlarged section on The same reference characters indicate the same lor similarparts in all of the views.

In the drawings,-12 represents the cylindrical stud member having at its inner portion or base a suitable means whereby it may bel attached to a stud-carrying part, and at its outer portion an annular inwardly facing shoulder 14. The socket member is composed of a jaw-holding casing composed of assembled plates 15, 16 and. 20, the outer plate having a marginal flange 158L on which are formed short prongs 17 inserted in slots in the intermediate plate 1.6 and bent over the back of said plate 16 and holding it against the flange 15, the plates 1`5 and 16 being spaced apart and forming the sides of the jaw-receiving space. The said flange 'is provided with longer prongs 18 v adapted .to penetrate a carrying part 19 of flexiblesheet material, such as textile fabric, v and enter slots in the plate 16r and coinciding slots in the plate 20, between vwhich and vthe plate 16 the part 19 is interposed. An

opening. 22 is, formed in the plate 15 to tipping movement ofthe socket member receive the head of the stud-member 12, said opening closely fitting the stud head and serving to center the same relatively to the casing and its jaws. y

. 21, 21, represent resilient wire jaws which are the end portions of a piece or length of wire preferably bent as shown by Fig. 1 to form said aws and a loop 21a connecting the same, the said jaws and loop being interposed between the/plates 15 and 16. The jaws are adapted to spring into engagement with the stud shoulder 14. The jaws as here shown may be straight and substantially parallel with each other, as shown by Patent'No. 1,184,319, or they may be provided with segmental portions bearing on an extended portion of -said shoulder at one side of the stud, as shown by Patent 1,038,288.

-The jaws coperate with the stud shoulder in preventing or strongly resisting separation of the members by a direct outward pull on the socket member, and are freely separable from the stud shoulder only by a relatively to the stud member, this move-v ment causing a portion of the shoulder to act as a wedge and separate the jaws.

To cause this wedging action of the shoulder, the socket member and jaws must. be considerably inclined relatively to the axis of the-stud member, as shown by Fig. 6, this inclination causing the stud shoulder .the socket member so that its back portion will coperate with the stud member in per mitting the longitudinal tipping of the socket member to the position shown by Fig. 6, and in preventing an opposite inclination of the socket member, the inner portion or body of the stud member is enabled to perform a considerable part of the duty of preventing all tipping movements `excepting the predetermined one, the jaws and the plates betweenwhich they are confined being relieved of a corresponding part of this duty, so that strain on said jaws and plates is reduced to the minimum. Y

The diameter of theV opening 22 in the front plate 15 is but little larger than that y ber, the socket casing -plates 16 and 20 are provided respectively with stud-receiving openings 16a and 20a. `The lower margins of these openings are substantially in alinement with thel lower margin of the opening 22 in the front plate. The openings 16a and 2()a are elongated however, each being elliptical so that ytheir upper margins are higher than the upper margin of the opening 22.

The lower margins of the openings 16" and 20EL bear on the lower side of the stud body when the members are operatively connected, and prevent a sufficient tipping of the socket member in the direction of arrow a (Fig. 2) to cause the stud shoulder to wedge the jaws apart. The upper margins of said openings are vseparated from the upper side of the stud body when the members are operatively connected, and permit the tipping of the socket member to the position shown by Fig. 6, and the outward displacement of the jaws by the stud shoulthese openings Contact with the stud member at diametrically opposite sides of the latter, and coperate with said member in preventing crosswise tipping movements of the socket member.

As thus far described, the construction and operation are substantially as set forth by Parent No. 1,184,319.

In carrying out the present invention, l provide a tubular curb 25 which surrounds the space occupied by the stud member between the intermediate plate 16 and the.

back plate 20, and extends from one ofv said plates to the other. Said curb is preferably formed' integral withv the .plate 16, and protion thereof as best shown 'ment of the jaws from the 4possible if the end of the curb were the curb forming the margin of 16. The curb therefore constitutes a'bushing which' occupies vthe stud-'receiving opening in the carrying part 3.9, and encludes the material of said .margin from the space occupied by ,the stud. incidentally the curb y performs the wear-reducing. 'function oi' the 'LO' segmental lip or flange 31 No; Listens).

The curb 25is necessarily elliptical to give the opening 16,i an elliptical formffor the purpose abovedescribed, and to conform to the shape fof the opening 20a.

To permit the tipping of the socket member to an angle Isuitable for the `disengagestud shoulder, I incline the' apertured portion of the baci?` plate 2 0 and the corresponding end of `the curb 25, so t' atthe length-ofthe curb at one endv of it major axis ,is less than the length at the opposite end of said axis, as shown by Figs. l, 3 and 6, the arrangement being such that, when thesoclzet member is tipped as shown by Fig. 6, the shorter por tion of the curb comes to `a bearing 'on the stud, and permits the socket member to be shown by Patent ltipped to a greater anglev than would be not thus inclined, unless the length of the maj or axis were increased to an objectionable extent.' It is desirable to make said major anis oil minimum length in 'order that the holding part 19 may be adequately clamped between the ends of the major axis and the margins of the plates-16 and' 20.

The described` inclination of the portion of the plate 20 containing the opening 20a is caused by forming an'inwardly projecting baseEZO-b on 'the'outer side of saidplate, as shown by Figs. 4 and 5, the said base containing the opening 202, inwardlyfirom the lowest opening to a point.

portion of vsaid When the carrying part 19 is of textile fabric Aand liable to stretch and lslip edgewise between the points where it is transned and held by the longer prongs 18, such stretching and slipping is prevented by the coperation of the |shorter prongs 1'? clenched on the intermediate plate 16, and recesses formed on the back plate Figs. 7 and 8. Said recesses as are provided by punching out portions of the back plate to :form orifices 27, which are preferably rectangular, and pressing other portions' ofv he bacia` plate to form bosses 2 8. The orifices 27 coincide with two of the shorter prongs 17, so that portions olf the material oi the part 19 are abr ly and indented by said awn by Fig. 7. Thebosses and being inclinedabove the highest por-v 20, as shown by' here shown' said outer lother 'prongs 17 so that yother portions of said material are abruptly bent and indented by'said prongs yas shown by Fig. 8. .In each case the inwardly facing blunt ends of 4:,he prongs 17 vact as dogs' to .prevent the rabric from slipping y.thitsyardly 'edgewise.-

The Isaid recesses permit `the indented por-l tions oli-the fabric to bulgeinto the back plate, so that the prongs 1f? do not prevent the predetermined spacing of the vback platefrom the intermediate plate, as they might do it' therecesses were not provided. The curb 25, may be formed on the-back or clench plate 20, instead of on the intermediate i plate 16.

In' another application iiledl by me May 3,2.

1917, Serial No. 166,157, l'. have shownand claimed a socket member structure comprising a central plate seated on one side of a carrying part and forming one side of a jaw casing, two outer plates at opposite sidesof the -central plate, one of said outer plates being seated on the opposite' side of said carrying member, while -the other outer plate is spaced from the central plate an'd :terms the opposite side of the jaw casing, and resilient jaws conned in said casing and adapted' toy cooperate with the shouldered stud member, said plates being apertured to receiveythe stud member, one of said outer plates being providedwith shorter prongsv passing through slots in the central plate and clenched thereon to form dogs indenting the carrying part, v'and with longer' prongs passing through the carrying part and through slots in the other outer on the latter, the'last-mentioned outer plate being provided with recesses which receive the indented portions'of the carrying part.'

i do net therefore claim in this'applica- 'tion a socket member structurecharacterized as above stated. v

Having described my i vention, I'claim:

1. ln a fastener which'A includes'l a shouldered stud member, a socket-member comprising a'casing composed of an outer plate, an 'intermediate plate adapted tobear on one side of a' eXible carrying part, -a back plate adapted to bear on-the opposite side 'of saidcarrying part, said plates being marginally'conne'cted to part betweenl the intermediate and` back plates, and provided with elliptical vstudreceiving openings, one of the two. last-men'- tioned platesbeing provided with'a tubular curb integral therewith and surrounding the stud-receiving space between the said plates and extending from plate to plate to exclude the material of the carrying part from said space, and resilient jaws confined between and intermediate plates and adapted to coperate as described withI a shonlde'red stud,

2. lin 'a fastener which' includes a shoulplate and clenched confine 'the carrying' dered stud member, a socket member comprising a casing composed of an outer plate, an intermediate plate adapted to bear on one side of a liexible carrying pa'rt, and having an elliptical stud-receiving opening, a back plate adapted to bear on the opposite side of said carrying part, and having an inelined boss, containing an elliptical studreceiving opening, said plates being connected to confine the carrying part between the intermediate and back plates, and one of the two last-mentioned plates being 'provided with a tubular elliptical curb integral there with and surrounding the stud-receiving space between the said plates and inclined at one end, said curb excluding the materialof the carrying part from said space, and resilient jaws confined between said outer and4 intermediate plates andadapted to coperate as described with 'a shouldered stud, the elliptical form of said openings and curb permitting a predetermined tipping movement of the socket member relatively to the studl member, and the inclination of said boss and of the corresponding end of the curb facilitating said tipping movement.

In testimony whereof 'I have aiix'ed my signature.

FRED S. CARR, 

